Dairy sector
in India
has acquired substantial growth momentum from 9th Plan onwards, producing
121.8 million tonne milk during 2010-11.
Per capita availability of milk reached 269 grams per day in 2010-11.
This has not only placed the country on top of milk producing countries in the
world, but also demonstrated sustained growth in the availability of milk and
milk products for the burgeoning population.
Demand for milk is increasing
rapidly in the country. This is primarily due to increasing population and
growing incomes accruing from the multitude of central schemes launched for
livelihood and employment generation. If we go by the emerging trend, the
demand for milk is likely to be about 155 million tonnes by the end of 12th
Five year Plan (2016-17) and in the range of 200-210 million tonnes in 2021-22.
Annual average increase in the production of milk over the last 10 years has
been around 3.5 million tonnes per annum whereas there is a need to reach an
average of 6 million tonnes per year over the next 12 years to meet the ever
increasing demand.
Dairying has become an important secondary source of
income for millions of rural families and has assumed a very important role in
providing employment and income generating opportunities. Milk production and
marketing system in India
is unique. Most of the milk is produced by small, marginal farmers and landless
labourers. About 7 crore rural households are engaged in milk production, the
majority being small and marginal farmers and landless. About 1.45 crore
farmers have been brought under the ambit of 1.45 lakh village level dairy
corporative societies. As dairy cooperatives ensure inclusiveness for small
holders, especially women, it is desirable that they retain the present 50%
share of the marketable surplus handled by the organised sector.
National
Dairy Plan-I
The
Government has launched an ambitious programme for increasing the productivity
of milch animals and thereby increasing the availability of milk in the
country. The National Dairy Plan is a Central Sector Scheme. The outlay of the first phase of the project,
for 2012-17, is estimated to be about Rs 2,242 crore. Out of total
project outlay, Rs. 1584 crore will come
from International Development Agency (IDA) as credit, Rs. 176 crore as Central
Government’s share, Rs. 282 crore as share of implementing agencies and Rs. 200 crore from NDDB and its subsidiaries
for providing technical and implementation support to the project.
Rs.
715 crore of the National Dairy Plan funds will be spent on breed improvement
and Rs. 425 crore on animal nutrition. Rs. 488 crore will go for strengthening
of village based milk procurement system and Rs. 132 crore for project
management and learning.
Objectives
This
scheme is aimed at meeting the projected demand of 150 million tonne in next
five years by productivity enhancement, strengthening and expanding village
level infrastructure for milk procurement and provide producers with greater
access to markets. The objective of the NDP is to help
increase productivity of milch animals and thereby milk production to meet the
rapidly growing demand for milk in the country and provide rural milk producers
with greater access to organised milk-processing sector through a
scientifically planned multi-state initiative.
It is a six-year plan to be largely
financed through the International Development Association (IDA) of the World
Bank, and implemented by National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) through End
Implementing Agencies (EIAs) located in states. Funding will be through a line
of credit from IDA which along with share of Government will flow from the
Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries to NDDB and in turn to
eligible EIAs.
EIAs comprise State Government,
State Livestock Boards, State Cooperative Dairy Federations, District Cooperative
Milk Producers Unions, subsidiaries of statutory bodies, ICAR institutes, and
veterinary/dairy institutes and universities and any other entity decided by
the National Steering Committee to be set up under the National Dairy Plan. The
EIAs will be eligible for funding under various components based on eligibility
criteria which will comprise geographical, technical, and financial and
governance parameters. Pattern of funding under the scheme will be 100%
grant-in-aid for nutrition and breeding activities.
Focus
States
The NDP-I is to be implemented in
States where the respective Governments commit to undertake the necessary
regulatory, policy support to prepare an environment for successful
implementation of the scheme. The focus of the scheme will be on the areas with
higher potential in 14 major milk
producing states, namely Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka,
Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu,
Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. These states
contribute to 90% of milk production in the country. However, in terms of
benefits the coverage of the scheme will be countrywide.
Strengthening
Village-Based Milk Procurement Systems
Village-based procurement system
will be expanded by strengthening existing co-operatives and facilitating the
setting up of producer companies or new-generation co-operatives. About 13 lakh
milk producers in 23,800 additional villages are expected to be covered.
Alongside, capacity building, training and education programmes will get due
prominence to promote technologies and improved practices at the village level.
Benefits
In
terms of overall benefits, the NDP will put in place a scientific and
systematic process which is expected to take the country on the path to
improving the breed of milk producing animals in a consistent and continuous
manner. It will make prudent use of country’s resources, lead to reduction in
methane emissions, improve the quality of milk being marketed, help strengthen
regulatory and policy measures to provide an enabling environment for future
growth of dairy sector and contribute to improving the livelihoods of small
milk producers who form the backbone of India’s milk production system.
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